Decoding Ford P0019 Code: Camshaft Position Sensor B Circuit Malfunction (Bank 2)

Experiencing engine troubles after a timing chain replacement can be frustrating. One code that might surface during this time is the dreaded P0019. This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) points to a problem within your engine’s Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) system, specifically related to the camshaft position sensor “B” circuit in Bank 2. If you’re encountering P0019, especially after recent engine work, understanding its causes and potential solutions is crucial.

Understanding the P0019 Code

The P0019 code, as defined by OBD-II standards, indicates “Crankshaft Position – Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 2 Sensor B).” In simpler terms, your engine’s computer (PCM or Powertrain Control Module) is detecting a mismatch between the signals from the crankshaft position sensor and the camshaft position sensor “B” on Bank 2.

Bank 2: Refers to the side of the engine opposite cylinder number 1. In V-type engines (like many Fords), Bank 2 is typically the driver’s side in US vehicles.
Sensor B: In the context of P0019 on Ford vehicles, “Sensor B” usually refers to the exhaust camshaft position sensor.

This correlation issue suggests that the camshaft and crankshaft are not synchronized as precisely as the PCM expects. This desynchronization can lead to a variety of engine performance problems.

Common Causes of P0019 After Timing Chain Replacement

While P0019 can arise from various issues, when it appears shortly after a timing chain replacement, certain culprits become more likely:

Timing Misalignment: This is the most common suspect after timing work. Even a slight misalignment of the timing chain or camshaft phasers during installation can trigger a P0019 code. If the camshafts are not correctly synchronized with the crankshaft, the sensors will report discrepancies.
Camshaft Position Sensor Issues: Although less frequent if sensors weren’t directly worked on, a faulty camshaft position sensor on Bank 2 (exhaust side) could also be the cause. Damage during the repair process or pre-existing sensor weakness could manifest after the timing chain job.
VCT Solenoid Problems: The VCT (Variable Camshaft Timing) solenoids control oil flow to the cam phasers, enabling them to adjust camshaft timing. If the solenoid for Bank 2 exhaust camshaft is stuck, malfunctioning, or contaminated (especially if one was dropped in oil during the repair, as mentioned in the original post), it can disrupt the VCT system and cause timing correlation errors.
Oil Pressure and Flow Issues: The VCT system relies on proper oil pressure and flow to function correctly. Incorrect oil viscosity, a clogged oil passage, or a failing oil pump could impact VCT operation and contribute to P0019.
Wiring and Connector Problems: Damage to the wiring harness or connectors for the camshaft position sensor or VCT solenoid during the repair process can lead to signal interruptions and trigger the code.
Incorrect Parts: While less likely if parts were ordered using VIN, using an incorrect timing chain tensioner or other VCT components could potentially lead to timing discrepancies and P0019. The user in the original post noted a difference in the new tensioner, which, while reportedly correct by the dealer, is worth noting.

Depiction of a timing chain system, highlighting sprockets and chain alignment which are crucial for proper camshaft and crankshaft synchronization.

Troubleshooting P0019: A Step-by-Step Approach

Addressing a P0019 code requires a systematic approach to pinpoint the root cause. Here’s a troubleshooting guide:

Verify Timing Alignment: If the P0019 code appeared immediately after a timing chain replacement, re-checking the timing alignment is paramount. This often involves:
- Using Camshaft Locking Tools: Ensure the camshafts were properly locked in their correct positions during installation. Re-verify the tool placement and alignment marks according to the vehicle’s repair manual.
- Crankshaft Position Check: Confirm the crankshaft is also in its correct position, often indicated by marks on the harmonic balancer or crankshaft pulley aligning with engine block indicators.
- Chain Link Count: Double-check the number of chain links between specific points on the camshaft and crankshaft sprockets against the manufacturer’s specifications. Even a single tooth off can cause issues.
Inspect Camshaft Position Sensor (Bank 2, Exhaust):
- Visual Inspection: Examine the sensor and its wiring for any visible damage, loose connections, or oil contamination.
- Resistance Test: Use a multimeter to check the sensor’s resistance against the manufacturer’s specified values.
- Signal Check: With a scan tool, monitor the sensor’s signal while cranking the engine. Look for a consistent and plausible signal.
Test VCT Solenoid (Bank 2, Exhaust):
- Visual Inspection: Check the solenoid for damage, loose connectors, or debris.
- Resistance Test: Measure the solenoid’s coil resistance. Compare to specifications.
- Activation Test: Use a scan tool to activate the solenoid and listen for a clicking sound, indicating it’s functioning. In some cases, you can also check for solenoid movement.
- Oil Passage Check: If accessible, inspect the oil passage to the solenoid for blockages.
Check Oil Pressure and Quality:
- Oil Pressure Gauge: Use a mechanical oil pressure gauge to verify the engine’s oil pressure is within the specified range, especially at idle and under load.
- Oil Condition: Inspect the engine oil for proper level, viscosity, and contamination. Old or low-quality oil can affect VCT performance.
Wiring and Connector Inspection:
- Continuity Test: Use a multimeter to check the continuity of the wiring between the PCM, camshaft position sensor, and VCT solenoid.
- Short Circuit Check: Test for shorts to ground or voltage in the wiring.
- Connector Condition: Ensure connectors are clean, secure, and free from corrosion.
Utilize a Diagnostic Scan Tool:
- PID Monitoring: As mentioned in the original post, a capable scan tool is essential. Monitor PIDs (Parameter Identification Data) such as:
  - Desired Camshaft Angle vs. Actual Camshaft Angle: This is critical for VCT diagnosis. A significant discrepancy can indicate timing misalignment or VCT system issues.
  - Camshaft Position Sensor Readings: Observe the real-time signals from all camshaft and crankshaft position sensors.
  - VCT Solenoid Duty Cycle: Monitor the duty cycle commanded by the PCM to the VCT solenoids.
- Ford Specific Diagnostics: For Ford vehicles, using a Ford-specific scan tool (like FORScan or a professional-grade tool) can provide more in-depth diagnostics and tests for the VCT system.

An OBD2 scanner being used to diagnose engine codes, highlighting its importance in modern automotive troubleshooting.

Addressing the “Ticking” Noise and Rough Idle

The user described a slight ticking noise and a rough idle that worsens after a few minutes. These symptoms can be related to the P0019 code and the timing/VCT issues:

Ticking Noise: Could potentially be valve train noise due to incorrect camshaft timing or oil starvation to the VCT system. It’s important to investigate the source of the ticking noise further.
Rough Idle: Incorrect camshaft timing can directly lead to a rough idle, especially at lower RPMs. The drop in idle speed from 600 to 400 RPM and the “lope” described are strong indicators of timing or VCT problems.

Conclusion: Precision and Diagnostics are Key

Troubleshooting P0019 after a timing chain replacement requires meticulous attention to detail and the use of appropriate diagnostic tools. Re-verifying timing alignment is the first and most crucial step. Following a systematic approach, including sensor and solenoid testing, oil pressure checks, and utilizing a capable scan tool to monitor VCT system parameters, will help pinpoint the root cause and lead to a successful resolution. If you are not comfortable with these diagnostic procedures, seeking assistance from a qualified mechanic is highly recommended to avoid further engine damage.